Description of the attraction
The famous Church of St. Andrew the First-Called in Fryazinovo is an Orthodox church located in Vologda. Not only the church itself, but also its fence is considered a complex of architectural monuments of the late 17th century - for the church and the beginning of the 20th century - for the fence. The church has a federal protection category.
The Church of St. Andrew the First-Called was located on one of the banks of the Vologda River, next to the Church of Nicholas, located in the Vladychnaya Sloboda, and was previously called the Transfiguration of the Savior. As you know, "Fryazinovo" is the name of the palace village, which is a territory on the left bank of the Vologda, where in the 16-18 centuries there was a settlement of foreigners, represented, for the most part, by visiting merchants, who were called in Ancient Russia by the name of "fryazi" or " dirt ". The name of the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior comes from the name of the main altar, located in a cold church.
If we take into account the rest of the temples of the city of Vologda, we can say that the Church of St. Andrew the First-Called, like other temples, went through two stages in the development of its appearance: wooden, and then stone. The original wooden church is mentioned in 1618; The cleric records contain information that in about 1670, or according to other sources in 1678, a new stone church was built on the former site of a wooden and dilapidated church, cut down from their tree.
The church had two floors. The main volume of the temple was a two-pillar quadrangle, on the west side of which there was a porch and a hipped-roof bell tower. The upper room (cold church) included the Transfiguration Church with the side-altars of Amphilochius and Dionysius Glushitsky and the Nativity of John the Baptist. In the lower part of the stone church (warm church) there was a temple in honor of St. Andrew the First-Called with the side-chapels of Aviv, Samon, Gregory the Theologian and Guria; also on this floor was the Sorrows side-chapel, which appeared in 1853.
At the moment, the temple has a sloping roof, and the wedding of the temple was carried out by one onion dome. From the very beginning, there were only five chapters in the church, but after a while, four were completely dismantled. The most attractive and unique in its own way is the head of the church. The famous art critic G. K. Lukomsky positively spoke about the architectural component of the Church of St. Andrew the First-Called in his own guidebook concerning the sights of the city of Vologda. A basement with an altar part extended to the eastern part, made in the form of two apses, which is especially typical for the largest number of monuments of Vologda church architecture.
As for the appearance of the Transfiguration Church, we can say that the temple looks especially expressive and impressive, although in its composition it is quite traditional for the Vologda temples of the 17th - early 18th centuries. At the moment, the exterior decoration has been greatly changed, but judging by the separately preserved fragments, it looks quite elegant. These include, for example, the faceted pillars of the porch, the cornice, the final cube.
The bell tower adjacent to the church has an unusual silhouette, which is most likely due to its late origin, and is considered one of the best in the whole of Vologda. The bell tower is placed according to the strict longitudinal axis of the temple building, which is quite a rare phenomenon for the techniques of local architecture. The lower bell tier has an unusual interpretation, since it has a solution in the form of a porch on four pillars with open arches and hanging weights. On the same tier, an octahedral slender pillar rises, crowned with a particularly elegant tent, a small dome and a couple of rows of framed platbands.
Of considerable interest is the interior decoration of the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior, which is practically similar to the Church of Nicholas, located in Vladychnaya Sloboda. In the central part of the main room, there are two imposing and powerful pillars, which are connected by a sophisticated system of box-shaped temples and supporting arches.
A great rarity comes from the Church of St. Andrew the First-Called - a carved candle, which is currently in the Vologda Museum of Local Lore.
