Description of the attraction
The geological and hydrological natural monument of regional significance "Lake Krasnoe", located near the village of Krasnozernoye, Priozersky district of the Leningrad region, was organized in 1976. State administration is carried out by the Government of the Leningrad Region, represented by the Committee for Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Leningrad Region.
In order to get to the monument, you need to take an electric train from St. Petersburg to Zelenogorsk, then take a bus to the village of Svetloye or the village of Korobitsino.
The area is 1650 hectares, of which the water area of the lake is 750 hectares. This territory has been declared a natural monument in order to preserve the lake, in the bottom sediments of which iron and manganese accumulate, a relic depression, which is confined to the ancient tectonic concave form (depression) in the crystalline basement and rare species of animals and plants.
Not far from the territory of "Lake Red" there is a ski resort, which is an excellent prospect for the development of tourist and sports infrastructure.
Lake Krasnoe belongs to the basin of the Vuoksa River, into which 24 watercourses flow, of which the Strannitsa River is the central one, and only one river flows out - Krasnaya. The lake depression stretches from northwest to southeast. The length of the lake is 6, 9 kilometers, the average width is 1, 3 kilometers and the maximum depth is 14, 6 meters. The catchment area is 168 km². Surface runoff in the input part of the water balance of the lake reservoir is 86.9%.
Lake Krasnoe is a classic example of lakes with deposits of manganese and iron concentrated in bottom sediments. Most of the manganese enters the reservoir, predominantly with the water of rivers and streams in the colloidal and dissolved states. The main part of manganese is thrown out of the lake by the Krasnaya River.
The coastal area is partially overgrown with reeds, reeds, horsetails, pondweed, rush, and egg capsules. The lake is characterized by a tendency towards a decrease in flow rate and eutrophication. Eutrophication is one of the manifestations of anthropogenic impact, which consists in deterioration of water quality, violation of oxygen regime, disappearance of valuable fish species, deterioration of recreation conditions, etc. The shores of the lake are partially covered by forests, among which various types of pine forests, coniferous-small-leaved forests and spruce forests dominate. They are partly occupied by settlements and agricultural lands. Reed thickets occupy large areas along the shores of the reservoir.
Lake Krasnoe is rich in fish, which is represented by pike, bream, burbot, vendace, sculpin goby, gudgeon, and smelt. Through a complex of rivers and streams flowing into the lake, brook trout and lampreys enter the lake. Various types of bivalve molluscs are a very interesting element of benthos. The lake is inhabited by relict glacial crustaceans: pontoporea, mysida, pallasea.
The specially protected objects of the geological and hydrological nature monument "Lake Krasnoe" are bottom sediments of iron and manganese, the coastal zone of the reservoir, rare species of animals and plants: brook trout, lamprey, relict crustaceans, Omsk sedge, meadow lumbago, three-cut boat.
On the territory of a natural monument, it is not allowed to carry out all types of construction, reclamation and mining operations leading to a change in the hydrological regime; it is prohibited to conduct exploration activities, mining, laying any types of communications, discharging wastewater, littering the territory.
