Description of the attraction
The Nizhnepechorsky Wildlife Refuge in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug was created on October 20, 1998 with the aim of studying and preserving fauna and flora (as well as fish stocks) and to develop scientific foundations for the rational use and protection of the natural resources of this region.
The Nizhnepechorsky reserve is located in the lower part of the Pechora delta and includes three sections: 1 section - the Golodnaya Guba lake with an area of 27.2 thousand hectares; Section 2 - “Nizhnepechorskaya Poima” with an area of 34, 454 thousand hectares; Section 3 is "Nizhnepechorskaya Poima" with an area of 26, 419 thousand hectares. The relief of the territory of the reserve is flat, its height does not exceed 5 m above sea level, the maximum heights of the shores of Pechora and Lake Golodnaya Guba are 25-32 meters.
The territory of the reserve - with many channels, lakes, bogs, is a valuable wetland and an ideal place for stopping various species of waterfowl and waterfowl on migration, their nesting and molting.
The vegetation of the reserve is represented by a number of successive small-grained, large-grained and boggy meadows, shrub alder in the south, thickets of basket-worm and woolly shoot of tall, low-growing willows, consisting of woolly, filiform, gray, spear-shaped willows. Tundra communities are found in small areas in the lower reaches of the Pechora delta. They are located mainly on hills and along the shores of Golodnaya Guba Lake and the Pechora River.
In the summer avifauna, waterfowl of the lamellar-billed family are predominant: pintail, mallard, broad-legged duck, gray duck, witch, teal whistle, shaggy and crested ducks, scoopers, long-tailed duck, gogol, blue-throat, long-nosed merganser; as well as gulls and waders. On spring and autumn flights, geese and geese stop here, sometimes white-fronted geese and bean goose nest here. There are also nesting sites of red-throated and black-throated loons. The density of nesting sites of the small swan is not high, but individuals that do not breed form rather large clusters in the shallow waters of the Pechora River. Sandpipers (about 20 species) are distinguished by a large species diversity. Of the gulls nesting, the most common are: Arctic Skuas and Pomarine Skuas, Rock Gull, Little Gull, Glaucous Gull, Arctic Tern.
With an abundance of mice in winter, a snowy owl is quite common. The ptarmigan is common for the tundra areas; in the middle to the end of winter, numerous clusters of them are formed here during migrations. Among the birds of prey, which are listed in the Red Book of Russia, in the reserve there are gyrfalcon, 6kut, white-tailed eagle, peregrine falcon.
The fauna on the territory of the reserve is represented by such species as arctic fox, hoofed and Ob lemmings, elk, reindeer, wolverine, muskrat, fox, white hare, ermine, water vole, wolf and brown bear periodically visit this area.
The ichthyofauna of the reserve's water bodies is quite diverse and includes sixteen species. The main value is the semi-anadromous salmon families: vendace, nelma, whitefish, omul; lacustrine-river: wild boar, peled, grayling, anadromous: brown trout and salmon. In the reservoirs of the Nizhnepechorsky reserve, unique populations of whitefish have been preserved at the commercial level, including whitefish, wild boar, peled, vendace, omul.
The Nizhnepechorsky reserve is of great scientific and environmental importance; it serves the purpose of protecting valuable wetlands and reproduction of fish stocks.
