Anyone knows that the history of Sevastopol is beautiful and tragic - it changed its name several times, was a part of various states, received the title "Hero City" and a special status in Soviet times. But he always remained in the area of attention, fulfilling his important mission as a seaport, industrial, scientific and technical center.
The Greek trace and the Russian Empire
It was people from the Apennine Peninsula who founded the outposts Chersonesos-I and Chersonesos-II, the latter just on the territory of modern Sevastopol. The fortress-colony was part of the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires.
In 1783, in connection with the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula to the Russian Empire, the active development of the sea coast began. Ivan Bersenev, captain of the frigate "Cautious", recommended for the construction of a military port a bay located near the village of Akhtiyar. In June of the same year, the first four structures were laid, so 1783 is considered to be the date of the founding of Sevastopol.
The original name of the settlement was Akhtiyar, but next year, at the request of Catherine II, Prince Grigory Potemkin was supposed to build a fortress of Sevastopol. Emperor Paul I did not like the name, in 1797 the city was renamed back to Akhtiyar, in 1826 the name was returned to Sevastopol.
Famous people and famous events
The famous military leader Fyodor Ushakov became the commander of the port in 1788, thanks to his wise leadership, residential and public buildings, barracks, roads, and a hospital appeared in the city. The chief of staff of the fleet, military governor Mikhail Lazarev also contributed to the rapid development of Sevastopol. During his reign in the city: the Admiralty was built (together with ship-repair enterprises); reconstruction of city blocks is underway; urban development is expanding.
Sevastopol as a port city plays a key role in all military and revolutionary events that took place during the 19th and 20th centuries, in particular, in the Crimean War, the first Russian revolution (1905), and the First and Second World Wars.
If we characterize the history of Sevastopol briefly, then each of these events is associated with the exploits of ordinary sailors and residents of the city. So, during the tragic events of the Crimean War, in order to prevent the enemy from entering Sevastopol, ships were sunk at the entrance to the bay. During the years of the first revolution, the uprising of sailors on the cruiser "Ochakov" was on everyone's lips. The heroic defense of Sevastopol during the Great Patriotic War also remained in the memory of the people.
In the post-war period, the city was rebuilt almost from ruins, new residential quarters and research institutes appeared.
