Description of the attraction
Tsarskoye Selo Gostiny Dvor was originally built of wood. Architect - V. I. Guest. For the construction of Gostiny Dvor in Tsarskoye Selo, they chose a large rectangular plot, which was limited to Leontyevskaya and Oranzhereinaya streets.
In 1818, the Gostiny Dvor was already there. It was at that time, at the direction of Ya. Zakharzhevsky, fair stalls were moved here, which were until that time next to the fence of the Znamenskaya Church from the side of Srednyaya Street. At this time, the Constantine Fair, which was established in Sofia by Catherine II, was also moved here. In 1825, on the site of shops designed by V. I. Geste V. P. Stasov built a wooden Gostiny Dvor. In 1843-1844. In the courtyard of Tsarskoye Selo Gostiny Dvor, the Meat Rows building was erected.
The wooden Gostiny Dvor was a one-story building, which was distinguished by the enlarged dimensions of the window openings. Gostiny Dvor was located on a drop in the relief, which had a strong slope towards Orangery Street and Cathedral Square. Its structure was organized by symmetrical pavilions with hip roofs, connected by lowered arcades of commercial premises.
In 1862, a strong fire broke out in Tsarskoye Selo Gostiny Dvor, completely destroying the middle part of the building. At first, it was supposed to restore the burnt part; the architect A. F. Species even developed a special project to restore the building. But they did not begin to restore the burnt structures, and a radical decision was made: to erect a new building for the shopping arcade. The development of the Gostiny Dvor project was undertaken by the architect N. S. Nikitin, well-proven in the construction of the Meat Rows. The work was entrusted to Moses Berlin.
On July 26, 1864, the foundation stone of a trading building was made, as well as a chapel in its courtyard. The emperor was also present. The consecration of the trading rows and their opening for the start of trading took place on July 1, 1866.
In 1898, from the side of the square, according to the project of the architect A. R. Bach, a stone terrace was built to provide the necessary rigidity to the foundation structures, which underwent strong deformation due to the height difference between Leontievskaya and Oranzhereinaya streets. In 1911-1912. according to Bach's project, a concrete glacier warehouse was built in the depths of the site.
The Tsarskoye Selo Gostiny Dvor complex was in city ownership and was the main source of income for the city treasury, which came from renting out shops.
In the guise of the Gostiny Dvor in Tsarskoye Selo, the structure of the Gostiny Dvor in St. Petersburg was reproduced. The arched through gallery, which is traditional for many St. Petersburg commercial buildings, is the central compositional motive for the functional and imaginative characteristics of the building, which occupies the entire width of the block.
From the moment of construction to the present day, Gostiny Dvor has not changed its main purpose. In 2010, for the 300th anniversary of Tsarskoye Selo, restoration work was completed here.
Gostiny Dvor in Tsarskoye Selo is classified as a monument of federal significance.
