Translated from the ancient Greek language, the name of this settlement sounds like a "new city". Today it is part of Italy, but the history of Naples is closely connected with Greece, and with Byzantium, and with other states.
The original name of the settlement, which was founded by the ancient Greeks on the site of the present city, is Partenopa, it was given in honor of the famous mythological siren. The settlement soon became a very attractive place in the eyes of its neighbors, which led to numerous wars and frequent changes of owners.
Middle Ages
Soon the Greek settlement became part of the Roman Republic. After that, the era of the great Roman Empire began, and Naples became part of this state. The history of Naples in both the early and late Middle Ages is characterized by instability, a constant change of power and owners. Several important events can be distinguished:
- the entry of the city into the Kingdom of Sicily (1139);
- obtaining the status of the capital of this kingdom (1266);
- division of the kingdom into two parts, each of which claimed the title of "Kingdom of Sicily".
Events in this vein developed until the 18th century, by that time Naples had significantly expanded its borders, multiplied the number of inhabitants, and had the largest theater in the world. In 1860, a very important event took place - Italy was formed. From this moment, a new countdown begins in the history of the city as part of the new state.
XX century - century of changes
Together with all of Italy, Naples has experienced ups and downs in terms of economy, science and culture. The city somehow finds itself at the center of important events in European history. Residents take part in both the First and Second World Wars.
In World War II, Italy becomes an ally of Germany, therefore, closer to the end of hostilities, many of its cities, including Naples, are subjected to massive bombing. The city was almost completely destroyed, important objects were destroyed - the seaport and the railway station, as well as residential buildings, churches. In the post-war period, residents had to raise the city from the ruins, restore important industrial, transport, trade and cultural facilities.
Modern Naples is one of the most beautiful cities in southern Italy.
