Today the capital of Uzbekistan is the largest settlement in the country, an important economic, cultural and scientific center. The history of Tashkent began before our era: scientists call the period of the II-I centuries. BC, the area is known by various names. It is noteworthy that since the 11th century the settlement has been called Tashkent, the toponym is translated as “stone city”.
History of Tashkent in the Middle Ages
Since the mention of the settlement is found in various Chinese documents of the early Middle Ages, this indicates the establishment of broad economic and trade ties between the regions.
The times of the Middle Ages for Tashkent passed under the sign of constant wars and a change of power, scientists note the largest events of this period:
- as part of the empire of Timur in the XIV-XV centuries;
- ruling dynasty of Sheibanids - XVI century;
- the successful campaign of the Kazakhs to the city - 1586;
- the residence of the khans, representatives of the Kazakh Khanate - since 1630.
In the 18th century, an independent Tashkent state was created, which significantly expanded its territory by the beginning of the 19th century.
The political situation in the middle of the nineteenth century in Tashkent has changed, the city is part of the great Russian Empire (1865), becomes, firstly, the center of the Tashkent district, and secondly, an important commercial and industrial point of the region. There were also negative moments, for example, the slave market that existed in the second half of the 19th century. These are the main moments of the history of Tashkent in a summary (until 1917).
Tashkent city in the twentieth century
Tashkent workers and peasants tried to take power in the city into their own hands as early as September 1917, a month before the well-known revolutionary events in Petrograd. First, power was seized by the Left Social Revolutionaries in alliance with the Bolsheviks, and later by the Soviets. The city became a kind of support for Soviet power in Central Asia, and in addition, the capital of the Turkestan Republic.
In 1924, Tashkent became a bone of contention when delimiting the borders of the newly formed Central Asian republics. There was a question about its inclusion in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, even there was a division of urban areas between the countries.
In 1930, Tashkent returned the status of the capital of Uzbekistan, in connection with which the city began to develop rapidly. During the war years, it receives thousands of refugees. Evacuated enterprises, factories, factories and cultural institutions also operate here. Today it is one of the most beautiful cities in the Central Asian region.
