Description of the attraction
Since the 18th century, this land in the Pskov region has been known as Mikhailovskaya Bay. She was part of other land holdings of the royal family. The village of Mikhailovskoye was called Ustye at that time. The estate itself was founded in 1742. During this period, Empress Elizabeth Petrovna granted a land allotment to Abram Petrovich Hannibal, who was a military and statesman at the court of Peter the Great, his godson, and also great-grandfather A. S. Pushkin. Abram Petrovich died in 1781. The estate was inherited by his son, the father of Alexander Sergeevich's mother. Already by Osip Abramovich, the son of Abram Petrovich, the estate was ennobled. Under him, the first buildings appeared here, a park was laid out. It was he who named it Mikhailovskoe. It is assumed that the very name of the estate comes from the name of the Mikhailovsky Monastery, which was located nearby.
Since 1806, after the death of Osip Abramovich, for some time the owner of the estate was his wife, Maria Alekseevna, who came from the Pushkin family. In 1818, the inheritance passed to Nadezhda Osipovna, the poet's mother. In 1836, her children - Olga, Lev and Alexander, became the legal heirs of Mikhailovsky. A. S. Pushkin loved to come to Mikhailovskoye, this was the place of his solitude, experiences and creative inspiration. After the poet's death in 1837, the estate was inherited by his children - Alexander, Maria and Natalia.
In 1866 the estate became the residence of Grigory Alexandrovich Pushkin. He took up the business of restoring and rebuilding the family estate, which had been rather dilapidated until that time. A. S. Pushkin's parents practically did not repair the estate; they came only for recreation in the summer period of the year. Already at the time when A. S. Pushkin was in exile in Mikhailovsky, the house and other buildings were already very dilapidated and required repair. Grigory Alexandrovich had to completely rebuild the estate, break down the dilapidated buildings.
In 1899, the state treasury bought out the family estate of A. S. Pushkin. The Mikhailovskoye estate from that time was under the jurisdiction of the Pskov nobility. Since 1911, there has been a colony for elderly writers. In 1908 and 1918, there were severe fires in Mikhailovsky. In 1921, the entire estate was restored.
In 1922, a museum was finally opened in the poet's family estate, and Mikhailovskoye received the status of a museum-reserve of A. S. Pushkin. Its territory includes the building of the poet's house, where the main exhibition is located, the house of the nanny Arina Rodionovna, a garden with fruit trees and a park. In the living quarters of the estate, the atmosphere was recreated, which corresponds to the time when A. S. Pushkin lived.
The homestead has a simple and convenient layout. In the center, on a hill, is the owner's house. During the poet's life, lilacs, jasmine and yellow acacia grew in front of the house. Later, linden trees were planted here in a circle, and an elm tree in the center of the circle.
Service and utility rooms were built on the sides of the manor house. On the left is the nanny's house. Further behind it there is a cellar, into the walls of which A. S. Pushkin liked to shoot in the morning. The next building behind the cellar is a barn covered with a thatched roof. On the right there are two outbuildings, these are the houses of the manager and the clerk. An orchard is located behind them. The house itself, which stands at the edge of the hill, was rather modest in comparison with the houses of other nobles in this circle. It was small in size with simple architecture.
In 1949, it was decided to restore all the buildings as they were during the life of A. S. Pushkin. The documents of that time were taken as a basis - lithographs, drawings, plans, etc. The work was greatly facilitated by the fact that when the house was rebuilt by Grigory Alexandrovich, the foundation itself, which was originally laid during the construction, was left intact.
Visiting the museum-reserve of A. S. Pushkin "Mikhailovskoye", our contemporaries can plunge into the atmosphere in which the great Russian poet lived and worked, be imbued with the beauty of the landscapes that inspired him so much, join the history of our people.
