This Belarusian city, now a regional center, almost became the capital of the republic. Such an important event could have happened in the first half of the twentieth century. Unfortunately or to the delight of the inhabitants of the city, they never had a chance to experience all the delights of life in the capital. Many trials fell to the lot of the city, although there were also many joyful moments.
Foundation of the settlement
The early history of Mogilev contains very little information, the date of foundation is considered to be 1267, this year is mentioned in the chronicle, in the message about the beginning of the construction of the Mogilev castle.
The place for the castle was chosen very well, at the bend of the Dnieper, on a high hill, that is, the approaches to it were difficult, and unexpected guests could be seen from afar. There are many legends about the name of the city, one of them is associated with the name of Lev Danilovich, the founder of the fortress.
As part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
In the Middle Ages, the city was part of this state, which had vast territories in the center of Europe, and undoubtedly influenced the course of European history, including the history of Mogilev, in short.
The city grew and developed actively, recognition of its merits was the receipt of the Magdeburg Law, first in 1561 small, and in 1577 - large. On the other hand, Mogilev was constantly under the scrutiny of states located in the east and west of Lithuania and dreamed of making the settlement their own.
The city was especially attacked in the 17th century. So, we know about the following events:
- 1654 - Russian troops entered Mogilev;
- 1655 - siege by the Polish-Lithuanian army, trying to reclaim their city;
- 1660 - the return of the city to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
True, the very first partition of Poland led to the fact that Mogilev became part of the Russian Empire, since 1777 - the center of the formed Mogilev province.
City and war
Then came the era of large and small wars, Mogilev somehow became a field for military operations. Not far from the city, one of the largest battles of the Russian army with the troops of Napoleon took place. During the First World War, the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief was located here.
During the Second World War, the regional center was occupied by German troops and the long-awaited liberation came only in June 1944. The residents of Mogilev had to rebuild their beloved city practically from ruins, restore enterprises, social and cultural facilities, and develop agriculture.
