Description of the attraction
The Sevastopol Fortress was founded on February 10, 1784 by the rescript of Catherine the Great, although the construction of the first coastal fortifications began even before the city was founded in 1778 by A. V. Suvorov. The Empress ordered to build fortifications, a shipyard, a port, an admiralty and a military settlement on the deserted shores of the Akhtiarskaya Bay. The construction of the Sevastopol Fortress was finally completed in 1854, right before the start of the Crimean War.
In the foundation and development of Sevastopol, the main importance of which was the protection of the southern borders of Russia, except for A. V. Suvorov, such outstanding state figures as D. N. Senyavin, M. P. Lazarev and F. F. Ushakov. The hard work of Russian soldiers, sailors, engineers, artisans and entrepreneurs built a port, shipyards, forts, arsenals, workshops, a city and docks. The naval fortress was the main base of the Black Sea Fleet.
Throughout 19 - 20 st. The Sevastopol fortress was twice besieged by foreign invaders. Black Sea sailors and ground army units selflessly fought the enemy. But despite the fact that in both cases the enemy had a significant superiority in numbers and weapons, the fortress held its positions for several months, thereby solving important strategic tasks of the country.
Two-tiered Konstantinovsky and Mikhailovsky forts, erected in 1840 and 1846. were located on both sides of the entrance to the Sevastopol Bay, protecting it from enemy ships. Today, an active military unit of the Russian Black Sea Fleet is located in the Konstantinovskaya battery. The Mikhailovskaya battery (ravelin) did not take part in the first defense of Sevastopol. During the second defense, the battery defenders held back the fascist invaders on the outskirts of Sevastopol for three days.
After the restoration work carried out in 2010 in the Mikhailovskaya battery, a joint museum of the Sheremetyevs and the Naval Museum of Ukraine was opened. In addition, on the North side is the North Fortification, built at the same time as the batteries.
