Description of the attraction
The pearl of architecture in the Orenburg region is a complex of buildings created by the Russian architect A. P. Bryullov. The project, approved by the emperor himself in 1837, was intended for the Bashkir-Meshcheryak army and a hotel for traveling Bashkirs. The construction of the inn was carried out by the Bashkirs with voluntary donations from 1837 to 1842. The architectural ensemble called "Caravanserai" ("caravan house" in Turkic) included an octagonal mosque, a main building with outbuildings and a 35-meter minaret. In the architectural complex, several styles and directions are compositionally intertwined: along with national Bashkir motives, one can notice the forms of Moorish, Turkish and Arab architecture. A beautiful provincial garden was laid out around the Caravanserai, which gave Orenburg a special flavor in those years.
In 1917, a provisional government was located within the walls of the Caravanserai, a little later a council of deputies, and from 1918 to 1921. the fate of hundreds of thousands of people was decided by the Revolutionary Council of Bashkortostan. In 1960, the architectural complex Caravanserai was included in the list of architectural monuments of national importance. In 1994, an agreement was signed, where the Orenburg complex becomes the property of the Republic of Bashkortostan on the territory of Russia.
Nowadays, the historical and architectural complex on the border of Europe and Asia is a unique architectural monument of the first half of the 19th century, which has generally retained its original appearance.
