Description of the attraction
One of the main symbols of Feodosia is the Genoese Fortress, an architectural and historical monument. Locals are well acquainted with the fortress, and for tourists visiting Crimea, this ancient citadel is a must-see excursion program.
There are almost no Greek influences in the architectural appearance of Theodosia, since during the invasion of the Hun tribe, ancient Theodosia was destroyed. A city appeared on the ruins of this settlement in the 13-14 centuries, which began to be called Kafa. The Genoese dominated the Cafe for two centuries, most of the buildings were erected according to the Italian style, so the name of the Second Genoa was even stuck behind the Cafe.
The ruins of ancient Feodosia belonged to Oran-Timur, the Tatar khan. Merchants from Genoa bought these lands in 1226 and began to build a citadel on this site. In a fairly short time, Kafa became the intersection of economic and trade routes from Europe and Asia. Kafa was famous for its slave markets, slaves were brought here by Italians, and in later times - subjects of the Ottoman Empire.
The Italian Renaissance architects left many temples and palaces in the city. More than a hundred mosques and churches functioned, about twenty thousand houses were built, a system of wells was arranged.
The construction of the citadel began in 1340 on the slopes of the hill. The hill, which had the name of Quarantine, was the first, natural obstacle for the enemies. The main material during the construction is limestone, which was mined here, nearby, or in the mountains surrounding the fortress, or raised from the bottom of the sea. Along the perimeter, the fortress is 718 meters long, the walls rise to a height of 11 m, the width reaches 2 m. In the ancient fortress there were two lines of defense: the outer, outer part and the citadel itself.
Most of the buildings were dismantled in the 19th century. The Tower of Crisco and the Tower of St. Clement are few of the things that have survived to this day. Tourists can also see the pylons of the gates, a fragment of the western wall, the Dock, Round towers and the Tower of Constantine. There are also preserved Turkish baths, a bridge and a number of churches.
