Description of the attraction
The Sebezh National Park is located within the great Sebezh Upland, which is a vast marginal zone of the famous Valdai Upland, the width of which reaches 35 km. The lowering of the surface was carried out in a southerly direction. The largest part of the park is covered mainly with kame landforms. Not only in the southern, but also in the central parts of the park, fluvioglantic and glacial forms of the relief surface are most common. The relief was formed as a result of erosion, the effect of which was actively accelerated by glaciers, which refers to the so-called Valdai glaciation. The location of the park can be characterized as part of the Baltic-Valdai ridges, which are located on the border of the Valdai glacier. As for geological objects, they are especially characteristic and represent "Rows" - these are kame ridges, the length of which can reach 10-12 km, and the width - 300-400 km with their height of 25-40 km.
It should be noted that the climatic conditions of the Sebezh National Park can be characterized as moderate with long cold winters, mild warm growing seasons, and increased cloudiness. The lowest temperatures are -42-46 ° С, and the maximum high temperatures are + 35 ° С; the average annual air temperature averages +4, 3-4, 6 ° С. On Lake Sebezh, the average 10-day temperature in July for seven years of observations is 19 ° C. Spring frosts in most cases end on May 15, although they start again at the end of September. The park is dominated by western, south-western and southern winds, the average speed of which reaches 4 m / s. Throughout the year, there are approximately 19 days, during which there are continuous rains.
The territorial zone of the Sebezhsky Park is located on the watershed of the basins of such rivers as the Velikaya and Zapadnaya Dvina, but still all 20 rivers are directly related to the basin of the Zapadnaya Dvina. We can say that the park is dominated by a dense river network. Of all the rivers flowing in the park, the most significant is the Chernaya River, which flows into Lake Sebezh, while the Nishcha River flows out of Lake Nishcha. If we judge about them by the river regime, then they all belong to the Eastern European type, which is more connected with snow feeding. For all rivers, an overestimated spring flood is especially characteristic, as well as a low summer low-water period.
In the area of the Sebezhsky Park, podzolic, peaty-podzolic, sod-podzolic soil types prevail, which indicates a strong rugged relief, which is why the soils are complex. The phenomenon of erosion in the park is not observed.
As for the flora of the national park, it is worth noting that plant protection is most typical here, although protected flora representatives are not so rare in the park's area. Among the plants, various kinds of rare mosses can be called: chestnut gyropore, coral blackberry, canine mutinus, also vascular plants: Siberian iris, Baltic fingernail, two-leaved lyubka, marsh gammarbia, young shoots, common wolf bast, tall primrose and many others. Taking into account medicinal and food plants, lingonberries, marsh cranberries and blueberries are especially common in this area.
Throughout the territory of Sebezh Park you can find swallowtail butterflies, crimson order ribbons; birds: mute swan, great bittern, small spotted eagle, small rush, gray crane, tufted duck, common gogol, wood grouse. Among mammals, it is worth noting the river beaver, badger, pine marten, brown bear, elk, wild boar, European roe deer and many other representatives. In some bodies of water, there is a fairly high amount of European eel.
In the national park "Sebezhsky" at the moment, automobile, water and hiking types of tourism are especially developed, as well as ornithological routes have been developed and there are two ecological paths.
