The capital of Russia in terms of the number of inhabitants is among the top ten cities on the planet. The history of Moscow has more than one century, and each of them was filled with great and small events and deeds. Scientists date the appearance of the settlement in 1147, although the presence of ancient settlements on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region suggests that the first settlers appeared here much earlier.
From the founding to the middle ages
A request for "Moscow's history in brief" on the Internet still produces multi-page documents describing various events, but the most important is the formation of the city. The Ipatiev Chronicle is the first document in which the current Russian capital is mentioned - then the town of Moskov, the founder is Yuri Dolgoruky. In the XIII century, the city became the center of an appanage principality, then it was burned by the Mongol-Tatars, but quickly revived.
Moscow became the center of the Moscow Grand Duchy after the annexation of: the principality of Kolomna (1300); Pereslavl-Zalessky (1302); Mozhaisk (1303). Then, over the centuries, it repeatedly expanded its borders and lost territories, fought against the Mongol-Tatar hordes, the famous Battle of Kulikovo took place in 1380, when the Russian troops led by Dmitry Donskoy won. True, even after that, the showdown continued until in 1480 Ivan III stopped paying tribute, then Moscow became the capital of the Russian state and one of the largest cities in Europe.
In the 14th century, the Kremlin, the White City and Kitai-Gorod were part of Moscow, and by the 17th century, the Yamskaya, Nemetskaya, Meshchanskaya settlements were added. Frequent fires, on the one hand, hampered the development of the city, on the other, on the other hand, contributed to its renewal, the emergence of new residential areas.
War and Peace
Over the centuries, those wishing to seize Moscow did not become less - both the Crimean Tatars, and the troops of Bolotnikov, False Dmitry, neighboring countries, such as the troops of Napoleon, entered Moscow and burned the city. The 19th century is characterized by the rapid growth of industrial enterprises in Moscow and its environs, the development of technological progress, science, and culture. The abolition of serfdom led to a sharp increase in the number of residents of the capital.
In 1918, after the return of the status of the capital (intercepted by St. Petersburg for two centuries), a new era began in the development of Moscow. Those wishing to seize a tidbit did not diminish, but each time Muscovites, together with residents of other Russian cities, defended and liberated the city, restored its houses and squares, churches and parks.
