Description of the attraction
In the center of Kharkov there is the main square of the city - Rosa Luxemburg Square. It originates in the east of the Constitution Square, then intersects in the middle with Universitetskaya Street and ends on the west side - Proletarskaya Square.
Rosa Luxemburg Square appeared in the second half of the 17th century (1660-1662), when a fortification (prison) was erected here. At that time, the main city bazaar was located on the square, where the Pokrovskaya and Assumption fairs were held. The trading square was called Narodnaya. In the second half of the 18th century, a post office was located at the corner of Universitetskaya Street, near which a milestone was erected, the inscriptions on it indicated the distance from Kharkov to Moscow, as well as the distance to neighboring cities. Near the stone pillar, decrees were read and public punishments were carried out, so the square was called the Lobnoy.
In the 19th century, one- and two-storey buildings of shopping centers were built on the square. Since the 1830s, the site was renamed Pavlovsky, in honor of the merchant Pavlov, whose large house became one of the city's landmarks. After a while, on the square in 1910-1915. the building of the insurance company "Russia" was erected, and in 1913 - the City Merchant Bank.
At the beginning of 1919, the square was renamed in honor of Rosa Luxemburg. During the Great Patriotic War, the buildings of the square were destroyed, but later the buildings were restored to their original form.
Rosa Luxemburg Square is the heart of the city, through which tram and trolleybus routes pass, where shopping and entertainment centers, company offices are located, as well as the most important streets of Kharkov originate from it. Almost all buildings on the square have been assigned the status of architectural monuments.
